BRL: Braille through Remote Learning
Braille Reference Desk
Main BRL page
BANA publications
English Braille, American Edition 1994
Braille Formats
Chemistry 1997
Music 1997
Nemeth Mathematics 1972
Reference Sheets
Summary of Rules
- General Rules
- Alternative Contractions
- Single Letter
- And, for, of, the, with
- Child, shall, this, which, out, still
- Part-word
- Whole-word lower: his, was, were, be, in, enough
- Rules for lower sign
- Part-word lower sign
- Whole-word lower: to, into, by
- Double-letter: bb,cc,dd,ff,gg, ea
- Initial letter
- Final letter and short form words
Contractions List
Braille contractions
Typical Problem words
Interactive Resources:
Contraction Lookup
Contact developers
Copyright © 1996, 1997,1998,1999, 2000 The Shodor Education Foundation, Inc., All
rights reserved.
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13. Final-letter Contractions
- Are subject to the general rules for the use of contractions.
- May never represent whole words.
- May be used only in the middle or at the end of a word.
ele(ment)al |
m(en)tal |
b(less) |
lesson |
c(ance)r |
ance(st)or |
- May be used at the beginning of a line in a divided word.
temp(er)a- (ment) |
hospital- (ity) |
reck- (less) |
- May never be preceded by the apostrophe or the hyphen.
con-(st)i-tu-tion |
grey'(ou)nd |
re(st)-less-ness |
re-ally |
com-m(en)t-(ed) |
'tion! |
- The contraction ness may be used in easily read words, but never when the root word ends in en or in.
gov(er)(ness) |
(ch)iefta(in)ess |
b(ar)o(ness) |
citiz(en)ess |
lio(ness) |
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